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1 – 10 of 122Andreas Schwarz and Audra Diers-Lawson
This study aims to contribute to strategic crisis communication research by exploring international media representations of third sector crises and crisis response; expanding the…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to contribute to strategic crisis communication research by exploring international media representations of third sector crises and crisis response; expanding the range of crisis types beyond transgressions; and developing a framework that integrates framing and crisis communication theory.
Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative content analysis was applied to identify patterns in crisis reporting of 18 news media outlets in Canada, Germany, India, Switzerland, UK and US. Using an inductive framing approach, crisis coverage of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) and intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) between 2015 and 2018 was analyzed across a wide range of crises, including but not limited to prominent cases such as Oxfam, Kids Company, or the Islamic Research Foundation.
Findings
The news media in six countries report more internal crises in the third sector than external crises. The most frequent crisis types were fraud and corruption, sexual violence/personal exploitation and attacks on organizations. Exploratory factor analysis revealed three components of crisis response strategies quoted in the media, conditional rebuild, defensive and justified denial strategies. Causal attributions and conditional rebuild strategies significantly influenced media evaluations of organizational crisis response. Three frames of third sector crises were detected; the critique, the damage and the victim frame. These frames emphasize different crisis types, causes, crisis response strategies and evaluations of crisis response.
Originality/value
The study reveals the particularities of crises and crisis communication in the third sector and identifies factors that influence mediated portrayals of crises and crisis response strategies of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) from an international comparative perspective. The findings have relevant implications for crisis communication theory and practice.
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Kirsten Bobzin, Tobias Brögelmann, Christian Kalscheuer, Matthias Thiex, Andreas Schwarz, Martin Ebner, Thomas Lohner and Karsten Stahl
This paper aims to address the coating and compound analysis of diamond-like carbon (DLC) on steel, to understand the frictional behavior in tribological gear systems presented in…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to address the coating and compound analysis of diamond-like carbon (DLC) on steel, to understand the frictional behavior in tribological gear systems presented in paper Part I. Here, the Ti and Zr modified DLC coating architectures are analyzed regarding their chemical, mechanical and thermophysical properties. The results represent a systematic analysis of the thermal insulating effect in tribological contact of DLC coated gears.
Design/methodology/approach
The approach was to evaluate the effect of the substitution of Zr through Ti at the reference coating ZrCg to TiCg and the effect on thermophysical properties. Furthermore, the influence of different carbon and hydrogen contents on the coating and compound properties was analyzed. Therefore, different discrete Ti or Zr containing DLC coatings were deposited on an industrial coating machine. Thereby the understanding of the microstructure and chemical composition of the reference coatings is increased.
Findings
Results prove comparable mechanical properties of metal modified DLC independent of differences in chemical compositions. Moreover, the compound adhesion between TiCg/16MnCr5E was improved compared to ZrCg/16MnCr5E. The effect of hydrogen content Ψ and carbon content xc on the thermophysical properties is limited by Ψ = 18 at.% and xc = 90 at.%.
Practical implications
The findings of the combined papers Part I and II show a high potential for industrial application of DLC on gears. Based on the results DLC coatings and gears can be tailored to each other.
Originality/value
Systematic analysis of DLC coatings were conducted to evaluate the effect of titanium, carbon and hydrogen on thermophysical properties.
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Andreas Schwarz, Martin Ebner, Thomas Lohner, Karsten Stahl, Kirsten Bobzin, Tobias Brögelmann, Christian Kalscheuer and Matthias Thiex
This paper aims to address the influence of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on the frictional power loss of spur gears. It shows potentials for friction and bulk temperature…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to address the influence of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on the frictional power loss of spur gears. It shows potentials for friction and bulk temperature reduction in industrial use. From a scientific point of view, the thermal insulation effect on fluid friction is addressed, which lowers viscosity in the gear contact due to increasing contact temperature.
Design/methodology/approach
Thermal insulation effect is analyzed in detail by means of the heat balance and micro thermal network of thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication contacts. Preliminary results at a twin-disk test rig are summarized to categorize friction and bulk temperature reduction by DLC coatings. Based on experiments at a gear efficiency test rig, the frictional power losses and bulk temperatures of DLC-coated gears are investigated, whereby load, speed, oil temperature and coatings are varied.
Findings
Experimental investigations at the gear efficiency test rig showed friction and bulk temperature reduction for all operating conditions of DLC-coated gears compared to uncoated gears. This effect was most pronounced for high load and high speed. A reduction of the mean gear coefficient of friction on average 25% and maximum 55% was found. A maximum reduction of bulk temperature of 15% was observed.
Practical implications
DLC-coated gears show a high potential for reducing friction and improving load-carrying capacity. However, the industrial implementation is restrained by the limited durability of coatings on gear flanks. Therefore, a further and overall consideration of key durability factors such as substrate material, pretreatment, coating parameters and gear geometry is necessary.
Originality/value
Thermal insulation effect of DLC coatings was shown by theoretical analyses and experimental investigations at model test rigs. Although trial tests on gears were conducted in literature, this study proves the friction reduction by DLC-coated gears for the first time systematically in terms of various operating conditions and coatings.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-07-2020-0257/
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Reviews the use of robotics for deburring transmission housings at ZF in Saarbrucken, Germany. Outlines a fully automated cell which has been installed for deburring and washing…
Abstract
Reviews the use of robotics for deburring transmission housings at ZF in Saarbrucken, Germany. Outlines a fully automated cell which has been installed for deburring and washing housings in preparation for assembly. Describes how compliant tools are used to maintain the quality of the deburred surface.
GERMANY/FRANCE: Defence project is in peril
Details
DOI: 10.1108/OXAN-ES281797
ISSN: 2633-304X
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Geographic
Topical
Mirko Barbuto, Andrea Alù, Filiberto Bilotti, Alessandro Toscano and Lucio Vegni
– The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical expression for the characteristic impedance of a microstrip line in presence of a dielectric cover.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical expression for the characteristic impedance of a microstrip line in presence of a dielectric cover.
Design/methodology/approach
Assuming a quasi-TEM propagation mode, a rigorous conformal mapping based on the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation is employed to derive the equivalent capacitance model, which can then be applied to derive a closed analytical expression for the effective permittivity and the characteristic impedance of the line.
Findings
Such a formulation is not limited to the case of a single cover layer, but an arbitrary number of electric overlays can be considered as well. Comparisons with published numerical results and full-wave simulations in the case of a single cover layer have been also performed to test the validity of the proposed approach.
Originality/value
The new analytical formula for the characteristic impedance of a microstrip line with a single dielectric cover shows better performances compared to the one of closed formulas already presented in the literature.
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Andreas Aldogan Eklund and Miralem Helmefalk
The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework of visual-tactile interplay and consumer responses in brand, product and servicescape contexts.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a comprehensive conceptual framework of visual-tactile interplay and consumer responses in brand, product and servicescape contexts.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper performs a literature review of visual-tactile interplay by reviewing prior research in marketing and psychology.
Findings
The review reveals that visual-tactile interplay provokes various consumer responses depending on whether brands, products or servicescapes are used. The paper develops a comprehensive conceptual framework mapping out visual-tactile interplay and the relationship with consumers’ cognition, emotions and behaviors.
Research limitations/implications
A conceptual model was developed with a novel view on how visual and tactile cues can together influence consumer responses.
Practical implications
This paper shows how visual-tactile interplay is successful in brand, product and servicescape contexts and provides practical insight for firms into how to provoke consumers’ cognitive, emotional and behavioral responses.
Originality/value
This paper contributes to existing literature by developing a conceptual framework and model of visual-tactile interplay and consumer responses by drawing on research in marketing and psychology.
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Andreas Hauck, Michael Ertl, Joachim Schöberl and Manfred Kaltenbacher
The purpose of this paper is to propose a solution strategy for both accurate and efficient simulation of nonlinear magnetostatic problems in thin structures using higher order…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a solution strategy for both accurate and efficient simulation of nonlinear magnetostatic problems in thin structures using higher order finite element methods. Special interest is put in the investigation of the step-lap joints of transformer cores, with a focus on the spatial resolution of the field quantities.
Design/methodology/approach
The usage of hierarchical finite elements of higher order makes it possible to adapt the local accuracy in different spatial directions in thin steel sheets. Due to explicit representation of gradients in the basis functions, a simple Schwarz-type block preconditioner with a conjugate gradient solver can efficiently solve the arising algebraic system. By adapting the block size automatically according to the aspect ratio, deterioration of convergence in case of thin elements can be prevented. The resulting Newton scheme is accelerated utilizing the hierarchical splitting in a two-level scheme, where an initial guess is computed on a coarse sub-space.
Findings
Compared to an isotropic choice of polynomial order for the basis functions, significant runtime and memory can be saved in the simulation of thin structures without losing accuracy. The iterative solution scheme proves to be robust with respect to the polynomial order, even for aspect ratios of 1:1000 and anisotropies in two directions. An additional saving in runtime and Newton iterations can be achieved by solving the nonlinear problem initially on the lowest order basis functions only and projecting the solution to the complete space as starting value, analogous to a full multigrid scheme.
Originality/value
Within the presented solution strategy, especially the anisotropic block preconditioner and the accelerated Newton scheme based on the two-level splitting constitute a novel contribution. They provide building blocks, which can be utilized for other types of magnetic field problems like transient nonlinear problems or hysteresis modeling as well.
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Examines the fifthteenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects…
Abstract
Examines the fifthteenth published year of the ITCRR. Runs the whole gamut of textile innovation, research and testing, some of which investigates hitherto untouched aspects. Subjects discussed include cotton fabric processing, asbestos substitutes, textile adjuncts to cardiovascular surgery, wet textile processes, hand evaluation, nanotechnology, thermoplastic composites, robotic ironing, protective clothing (agricultural and industrial), ecological aspects of fibre properties – to name but a few! There would appear to be no limit to the future potential for textile applications.
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